1 bigha in kanal is 1.6 kanal in Himachal Pradesh, where the bigha is 8,712 sq ft. On the old bigha of Haryana, Delhi and Punjab (9,075 sq ft) it is 1.6667 kanal. The kanal is the same 5,445 sq ft in all these places.
Where bigha and kanal meet
You only need this conversion where both systems live side by side. That happens in three places:
- Himachal Pradesh: most districts, such as Shimla, Kullu, Mandi, Solan and Sirmaur, record land in bigha and biswa. The Kangra side, including Una and Hamirpur, uses kanal and marla. Family land can cross both.
- Haryana: after settlement, records use kanal and marla. Older pre-settlement records use bigha, biswa and biswansi.
- Punjab: current records use kanal, marla and sarsai. Bigha shows up only in some older records.
Size of one bigha by region
| Region | 1 bigha in sq ft | In sq m | In kanal |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pucca bigha: Uttar Pradesh, central Bihar (Patna, Arrah), east Rajasthan | 27,225 | 2,529.29 | 5 |
| Kachha bigha: west Rajasthan; also the Gujarat vigha | 17,424 | 1,618.74 | 3.2 |
| West Bengal, Assam, Jharkhand (Ranchi) | 14,400 | 1,337.8 | 2.6446 |
| Madhya Pradesh (most quoted value) | 12,000 | 1,114.84 | 2.2039 |
| Delhi, Haryana and Punjab (old bigha-biswa records) | 9,075 | 843.0951 | 1.6667 |
| Himachal Pradesh | 8,712 | 809.3713 | 1.6 |
| Uttarakhand | 6,804 | 632.1123 | 1.2496 |
| Bihar: Hajipur and Muzaffarpur | 38,025 | 3,532.64 | 6.9835 |
| Bihar: Chhapra (Saran) | 34,848 | 3,237.49 | 6.4 |
| Bihar: Bettiah (West Champaran) | 65,340 | 6,070.28 | 12 |
A neat way to remember it: count in biswa
Each bigha has 20 biswa and each kanal has 20 marla. Comparing the small units makes the link easy to see:
- Himachal: 1 biswa = 435.6 sq ft and 1 kanal = 12.5 biswa. So 1 bigha (20 biswa) = 20 ÷ 12.5 = 1.6 kanal.
- Haryana old system: 1 biswa = 453.75 sq ft and 1 kanal = 12 biswa. So 1 bigha = 20 ÷ 12 = 1.6667 kanal.
In marla terms, a Himachal bigha is 32 marla and an old Haryana bigha is 33.3333 marla.
How to convert
Kanal = bigha × bigha size in sq ft ÷ 5,445
Example in Himachal: 10 bigha × 1.6 = 16 kanal.
Example in Haryana: 20 bigha × 9,075 = 181,500 sq ft. Divide by 5,445 and you get 33.3333 kanal.
| Kanal | Bigha (Himachal) | Bigha (Haryana, Delhi, Punjab) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 kanal | 0.625 | 0.6 |
| 2 kanal | 1.25 | 1.2 |
| 5 kanal | 3.125 | 3 |
| 8 kanal | 5 | 4.8 |
| 10 kanal | 6.25 | 6 |
| 16 kanal | 10 | 9.6 |
| 20 kanal | 12.5 | 12 |
Mixed entry from Himachal: 3 bigha 5 biswa is 3.25 bigha. 3.25 × 1.6 = 5.2 kanal. The part after the point is 0.2 kanal, which is 4 marla, so the record style answer is 5 kanal 4 marla.
Note that 8 kanal is one acre, which gives 5 Himachal bigha or 4.8 old Haryana bigha.
Bigha to kanal table by region
| Bigha | Kanal Delhi, Haryana, Punjab | Kanal Himachal |
|---|---|---|
| 0.25 | 0.416667 | 0.4 |
| 0.5 | 0.833333 | 0.8 |
| 1 | 1.6667 | 1.6 |
| 2 | 3.3333 | 3.2 |
| 3 | 5 | 4.8 |
| 4 | 6.6667 | 6.4 |
| 5 | 8.3333 | 8 |
| 10 | 16.6667 | 16 |
| 15 | 25 | 24 |
| 20 | 33.3333 | 32 |
| 25 | 41.6667 | 40 |
| 50 | 83.3333 | 80 |
| 100 | 166.6667 | 160 |
Regional columns use the most commonly used size in each area. Confirm your local size with the revenue office.
Watch out for "1 bigha = 4 kanal"
Some property pages say 1 bigha = 4 kanal. That does not match the data. 4 kanal is 21,780 sq ft, which is far bigger than the Punjab or Himachal bigha. Even the large pucca bigha of Uttar Pradesh (27,225 sq ft) is 5 kanal, not 4. Sources differ on the Punjab bigha, so check the record instead of a rule of thumb.
Tips
- HimBhoomi, Web-HALRIS and Jamabandi Punjab show which unit the record uses. Convert only after you know that.
- For a sale, partition or court matter, confirm the bigha size with the patwari or tehsil office.
Questions people ask
1 bigha me kitne kanal hote hai?
In Himachal Pradesh, 1 bigha is 1.6 kanal. On the old Haryana, Delhi and Punjab bigha it is 1.6667 kanal.
1 bigha to kanal in Himachal Pradesh?
1 bigha is 1.6 kanal in Himachal, because the bigha is 8,712 sq ft and the kanal is 5,445 sq ft.
1 kanal in bigha?
1 kanal is 0.625 bigha in Himachal Pradesh and 0.6 bigha on the old Haryana and Delhi bigha.
8 kanal in bigha?
8 kanal is one acre. That is 5 bigha in Himachal and 4.8 bigha on the old Haryana bigha.
1 bigha into kanal in Punjab?
Where old bigha entries remain in Punjab, the bigha is about 9,075 sq ft, so 1 bigha is about 1.6667 kanal. Sources differ on the Punjab bigha, so confirm with the patwari.
Local units can differ inside a state. Before a sale, partition or court filing, confirm the unit with your tehsil, circle or revenue office and check the land record. How we check our numbers.